Essay on What´s Citizen Journalism or Public Journalism

The term citizen journalism or public journalism has spread widely around world as it has been connected to publishing the news and information. It can be defined simply as an alternative source of news which is produced and published by the general public. The concept of citizen journalism is not a new phenomenon and it has started long time ago. What has changed is the importance and the prevalence of the citizen journalists as an alternative source of information and news worldwide. There is an argument whether citizen journalism has transferred the news positively or negatively. Some experts argue that citizen journalism has many disadvantages such as lack of credibility and low objectivity which make it unreliable source of news†¦show more content†¦They may use their blogs for illegal purposes for example, a blogger named David Milum defamed a bank by giving judges money to protect some drug dealers, and he did not provide any evidence to support his claim then he was sentenced to pay $ 50,000 to the bank (cited Hughes 2010, p.46). Whats more, a citizen journalist published news about a plane crash in George Charles airport but the true event was the plane had an emergency landing not a crash (Barnes 2012, p.3). These evidence indicate how citizen journalists influence their practice of journalism by using some personal information which does not based on facts. Therefore, unreal information which come from personal beliefs affect public journalism badly leading to decrease audiences trust in their news and information. Another perspective view which provides more reasoned argument is that citizen journalism has many good advantages. The most important advantage is that citizen journalism play an important role in democratization of society. Barnes (2012, p.4) points out that public journalism has significantly supported revolutions in many countries such as Egypt, Tunisia and Yemen by using social media. In addition, democratic journalism promote chances of society participation for example, the freedom of speech in South Asian countries has been improved through the work of citizen journalism on the internet (Kaul 2012, p.7).ByShow MoreRelatedJournalism Is The Intermediate Agent947 Words   |  4 Pagesmoment to prefer the latter.† People have a desire to know what is exactly happing in their community, their country, and also the other side of the world. In fact, journalism is the intermediate agent to disseminate the news and knowledge as widely as possible to audiences. 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ATTITUDE CHANGE IN VIEWING RACIST TERMS Essay Example For Students

ATTITUDE CHANGE IN VIEWING RACIST TERMS Essay Running head: ATTITUDE CHANGE IN VIEWING RACIST TERMSAttitude Change in Viewing Racist Terms as Immoral Using Persuasion Tactics and Group SizeLarkin Wood IIUniversity of GeorgiaAbstractThe degree of individual attitudinal change dealing with racial terms among individuals when exposed to different persuasionary group size and tactics was studied. One hundred and twenty University of Georgia students received one of the twelve different conditions, which consisted of one of the three group sizes matched with one of the four persuasion types. Significant differences were found. The participants in larger groups had slightly larger degrees of attitude change than the smaller groups. In comparing the type of persuasion tactics used, rationale had the overall highest degrees of attitude change. The results of this study suggest persuading group size does play a significant role in attitude change, with a positive correlation between, and the rationale tactic is the most effective of the persuasionary tactics. Future research should study these variables in context of sexually offensive language, or use other tactics as they are discovered. Attitude Change in Viewing Racist Terms as Immoral Due to Persuasion Tactics and Group SizePersuasion is a topic that has been researched for many decades. At present, persuasion is used in almost every aspect of life, work, and social communication. Many methods and theories have been developed for the use of persuasion (Smith, 1982). Ways of researching the construct have been pursued frequently. The effects of the use of racial language have also been explored, as well as the sources and motivation of the language use (Schaefer, 1996). A topic that has been researched and written about is the area of morality and moral development (Hemming, 1991; Kohlberg, 1964; Rest, Narvaez, Thoma, 2000). All three of these topics have been studied separately and sometimes together, but as far as can be established, the impact of persuasion on moral attitudes on the use of racially offensive language has not been explored. This is a very complex concept, but its need to be researched will becom e apparent within this study. Many families, cultures, and peer groups use racially explicit language and they do not even find the language to be wrong or immoral (Schaefer, 1996). What about the people who find the language immoral and still use this style of racism? Is the reason conformity to social or peer pressures or is the reason something that makes an individual feel superior? Much research could be done around these concepts and questions, but the question being researched in this study is a very specific one: Can an individual who finds racial language immoral be persuaded to use the language in certain situations? Maybe it would benefit to show what started the reasoning for asking such a question. Jean Latting (1993) wrote, No one changes another. We cannot force others to abandon voluntarily old attitudes and habits and to act or think as we wish instead. We can only provide the opportunity and space for people to change themselves-if, when, and as they choose. If this statement swayed the listener, they would abandon all hopes of failing to reject the previously stated research question because he concludes that people cannot be persuaded. Lattings study had two purposes: (a) to elucidate the interpersonal dynamics of the protagonists in the persuasion effort-those who objected to terminology they experienced as racially or sexually offensive and those who were opposed ideologically to sexism or racism, yet defended the terms; and (b) to offer recommendations for future persuasion efforts based on extant theory on persuasion (Cialdini, 1988; Petty Cacioppo, 1981) and its variants-psychological reactance, cognitive dissonance, impression management, and minority influence an d on modern racism.Lattings study is valid and it seems to have been completed with precision. His findings were inconclusive so one must reason that there are different ways to approach the study of such a topic. Latting himself even devotes a section of his article addressing how his persuasion efforts could have been more effective, which suggested a different approach to this study. .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4 , .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4 .postImageUrl , .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4 , .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4:hover , .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4:visited , .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4:active { border:0!important; } .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4:active , .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4 .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua4d187a62d5d98ab5179aea50dddf1f4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Linwood Method and the Bio-Medical Approach: T EssayInfluential tactics have been developed into a large field of study in present research. Schank and Abelsons (1977) Persuade Package is a small standard set of influential tactics with the objective